题数：76题
Paper One (100minutes)
Part I Oral Communication (10 points)
Section A
Directions：In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A，B and C，taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Dialogue One
A. When is it taking place?
B. Is Alan attending?
C. That'll be interesting.
Alice: We're having a meeting tomorrow. Can you make it?
Kevin: 1
Alice: We're planning at 10 o'clock. Is that OK?
Kevin: Yes, that'll be fine.
Alice: We're going to go over last quarter's sales figures.
Kevin: Good. I have some input I'd like to make.
Alice: Frank is also going to make some suggestions on improving the bottom line.
Kevin; 2 He's got keen insights.
Alice: Yes, he's going to outline some new sales strategies.
Kevin: 3
Alice: No, he's flying to San Francisco and won't be able to make it.
Kevin: Oh well, maybe he'll phone in.
Dialogue Two
A. I'll drop by there on my way to class today.
B. I thought you liked the apartment.
C. I've decided to look for a new place.
Ann: Hello Roger? This is Ann.
Roger: Oh hi, Ann. How have you been? And how's your new apartment working out?
Ann: Well, that's what I'm calling about. You see, 4
Roger: Oh, what's the problem with your place now? 5
Ann: Oh, I do, but it's a little far from campus, and the commute is just killing me. Do you think you could help? I thought you might know more about the housing situation near the school.
Roger: Well, I know there's an apartment complex around the corner that seems to have a few vacancies. 6
Ann: Hey, thanks a lot.
Roger: No problem.
Section B
Directions: In this section there is one incomplete interview, which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
A. I literally can’t stop.
B. But now I don’t need to worry any more.
C. You’re known as the first billionaire author here.
D. But that’s not just about money.
Interviewer: You have published six popular books. 7
Interviewee: Yeah.
Interviewer: So how has being the first billionaire author affected your perception of yourself?
Interviewee: I dress better. Well, you can definitely afford better clothes. 8 I think the single biggest thing that money gave me--and obviously I came from a place where I was a single mother and it really was hand to mouth at one point. It was literally as poor as you can get without being homeless at one point. 9 Never.
Interviewer: Are you in a place now where you can accept that you will always be rich?
Interviewee: No.
Interviewer: And will you be writing more?
Interviewee: Oh, definitely. I can’t, yeah, 10 Well, I mean, you could tie my hands to my sides, I suppose,
but I have to write. For my own mental health, I need to write.
Part II Vocabulary (10 points)
Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
11. The specially developed skin paint will wear off in 2-4 days, but can be removed instantly with alcohol.
A. remain B. dry C. work D. disappear
12. She was tired of his constant complaining and didn’t want to tolerate him anymore.
A. catch up to B. put up with C. come up with D. live up to
13. The supporters of either party have rationalized their own opinion in terms of argument.
A. with regard to B. in contrast to C. in addition to D. as opposed to
14. How is it possible that such widespread deception has come to take place right under our noses?
A. delay B. damage C. fraud D. shock.
15. It is not yet clear whether the decision of data at the troubled bank was accidental or deliberate.
A. obvious B. intentional C. surprising D. foolish
16. The journal published a series of articles that reviewed the prospects for a new era of “genetic medicine”.
A. background B. exploration C. survey D. outlook
17. If you don’t slow down and take a break, you’ll be burned out very quickly.
A. distressed B. anxious C. exhausted D. upset
18. Following our merging with Smith Brothers, the new company will, from now on, be known as Smith and Murphy Inc.
A. cooperation B. meeting C. agreement D. combination
19. Only native-born citizens are eligible for the U.S. Presidency.
A. required B. qualified C. selected D. elected
20. It was 38 degrees and the air conditioning barely cooled the room.
A. simply B. quickly C. hardly D. strongly
Part III Reading Comprehension (25 points)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Under the right circumstances, choosing to spend time alone can be a huge psychological blessing. In the 1980s, the Italian journalist and author Tiziano Terzani, after many years of reporting across Asia, holed himself up in a cabin in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. “For a month I had no one to talk to except my dog Baoli,” he wrote in his book A Fortune Teller Told Me. Terzani passed the time with books, observing nature, “listening to the winds in the trees, watching butterflies, enjoying silence.” For the first time in a long while he felt free from the unending anxieties of daily life: “At last I had time to have time.”
Terzani’s embrace of isolation was relatively unusual: humans have long considered solitude an inconvenience, something to avoid, a punishment, a realm of loners. Science has often associated it with negative outcomes. Freud, who linked solitude with anxiety, noted that, “in children the first fears relating to situations are those of darkness and solitude.” John Cacioppo, a modern social neuro-scientist who has extensively studied loneliness—what he calls “chronic perceived isolation”—contends that, beyond damaging our thinking powers, isolation can even harm our physical health. But increasingly scientists are approaching solitude as something that, when pursued by choice, can prove a therapy.
This is especially true in times of personal disorder, when the instinct is often for people to reach outside of themselves for support. “When people are experiencing crisis it’s not always just about you: It’s about how you are in society,” explains Jack Fong, a sociologist at California State Polytechnic University who has studied solitude.
In other words, when people remove themselves from the social context of their lives, they are better able to see how they’re shaped by that context. Thomas Merton, a monk and writer who spent years alone, held a similar notion. “We cannot see things in perspective until we cease to hug them to our breast,” he writes in Thoughts in Solitude. “People can go for a walk or listen to music and feel that they are deeply in touch with themselves.”
21. Tiziano Terzani spent a month alone to ________.
A. embrace isolation B. study butterflies
C. write a book D. look after his dog
22. The word “solitude” (Para.2) is closest in meaning to “________’’.
A. growing anxious C. being helpless
B. feeling empty D. staying alone
23. The opinions of Freud and Cacioppo are cited to show that ________.
A. children tend to fear darkness and solitude
B. solitude pursued by choice can be a therapy.
C. chronic isolation can harm interpersonal relations
D. solitude has long been linked with negative outcomes.
24. According to Jack Fong, the sense of personal crisis may be influenced by ________.
A. an isolated lifestyle B. mental disorder
C. low self-esteem D. social context
25. The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A. solitude should be avoided at all costs.
B. anxieties of daily life may cause personal crisis
C. choosing to spend time alone can be a blessing
D. seeking support is useless for tackling personal crisis.
Passage Two
Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.
As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separations. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate (lesser)food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friends die.
Pigs respond meaningfully to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O’s. Then the team switched from real-life objects to a T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs ventured only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not-inconsiderable feat of reasoning.
Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, cetaceans(鲸目动物)too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a perspective shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedures in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.
Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chicken, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of “food animals” bring an ethical revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will the breadth of our ethic start to catch up with the breadth of our science? Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make change in who we eat?
26. According to Annie Potts, hens’ choice of a later and better reward indicates their ability of ______.
A. social interaction B. facial recognition
C. logical reasoning D. mutual learning
27. The expression “not-inconsiderable feat” (Para.3)shows what pig can do is ______.
A. extraordinary B. weird C. unique D. understandable
28. What is Paragraph4 mainly about?
A. The similarities between mammals and humans.
B. The necessity of long-term studies no mammals.
C. A change of public attitude to the treatment of mammals.
D. A new discovery of how mammals think and feel.
29. What is the author’s view on eating “food animals”?
A. He regrets eating them before. B. He considers eating them justifiable.
C. He is not concerned about the issue. D. He calls for a change in what we eat.
30. What is the best title for the passage?
A. In Praise of Food Animals B. Food Animals in Science Reports
C. The Inner Lives of food animals D. Food Animals: past, present and future
Passage Three
Last year, I went WWOOFing (Willing Workers on Organic Farms) at a beautiful organic farm in La Réunion. With WWOOFing, volunteers exchange their time and work for food and accommodation. I slept in a cabin in the woods with hedgehogs(刺猬) digging about in the bushes, all different coloured birds singing in the morning and endless rows of palm trees offering shade from the sun.
For me, one of the best ways to get to know a new place is to work with the land, live with the locals and share meals together. This is why I absolutely love WWOOFing. It has got to be one of the best ways to travel. It is a mutually beneficial exchange where everyone involved prioritises people and environment above profit. You get the time and space to deepen a connection with local communities and nature.
There is a lot to learn and each farm has its own unique way of doing things, depending on the environment, climate and soil. At the farm in La Réunion we planted palm trees to harvest the core of the trunk which can be eaten in salads. Before staying with the farm I had only eaten heart of palm from cans which were nothing in comparison to the real thing, fresh from the ground. When potting up the very beginnings of the palm trees, I felt grateful to be a part of the start of the trees' cycle. I was filled with awe that something so small could grow into something so big and strong.
We also did lots of weeding, which helped me to get to know all kinds of different plants, to be able to identify which ones we could use as herbs/medicine/in salads and which were seen as uneatable. I also got to harvest pineapples and guava fruit(番石榴) to make jams which will be sold at the local market.
Of course, not everyone is able to travel far away into the field. The great thing about the skill-share philosophy behind WWOOFing is that it’s something we can all do from our own backyard. The focus shifts from money to how we can best support each other in our communities. A fair exchange can make a big difference in the world.
31. WWOOFing enables volunteers to _______.
A. get food and shelter for their work
B. travel around La Réunion for free
C. tell the differences between various birds
D. have close contact with wild animals
32. The author found his farm life in La Réunion quite ____________.
A. awful B. rewarding C. comfortable D. difficult
33. The author did all of the following on the organic farm EXCEPT ____________.
A. removing weeds
B. planting palm trees
C. harvesting fruits
D. collecting vegetables
34. The philosophy of WWOOFing is to ____________.
A. improve local environment
B. make locals live better
C. unite different communities
D. advocate a fair exchange
35. This passage is mainly about ____________.
A. the development of WWOOFing
B. a local WWOOFing community
C. a charming WWOOFing experience
D. the system of WWOOFing
Passage Four
Experts say distracted walking is a growing problem, as people of all ages become more dependent on electronic devices for personal and professional matters. They also note pedestrian deaths have been rising in recent years, 11% of all US deaths involved pedestrians, but that number rose to 15% in 2014.
The rise in deaths coincides with states introducing bills that target pedestrians. Some states, such as Hawaii, Arkansas, Illinois, Nevada and New York, continue to introduce legislation every year.
The measure recently introduced by New Jersey assembly woman Pamela Lampitt would ban walking while texting and prohibit pedestrians on public roads from using electronic communication devices unless they are hands-free. Violators would face fines of up to $50, 15-day imprisonment or both, which is the same penalty as jaywalking(乱穿马路). Half of the fine would be allocated to safety education about the dangers of walking while texting, said Lampitt.
Some see the proposal as an unnecessary governing overreach, while others they understand Lampitt’s reasoning. But most agree that people need to be made aware of this issue. “Distracted pedestrians, like distracted drivers, present a potential danger to themselves and drivers on the road,” Lampitt said. “An individual crossing the road distracted by their smartphone presents just as much danger to motorists as someone jaywalking and should be held, at minimum, to the same penalty.”
The main question raised about the measure, though, is whether it can be enforced consistently by police officers who usually have more pressing matters to deal with. Some feel that rather than imposing a new law, the state should focus on distracted-walking education. Lampitt said the measure was needed to stop and penalize “risky behavior”. She cited a National Safety Council report that showed distracted walking incidents involving cellphones accounted for an estimated 11,101 injuries from 2000 to 2011.
The study found a majority of those injured were female and most were 40 or younger. Talking on the phone was the most prevalent activity at the time of injury, while texting accounted for 12%. Nearly 80% of the injuries occurred as the result of a fall, while 9% occurred from the pedestrian striking a motionless object.
36. This passage is mainly concerned with ____________.
A. the difficulty in enforcing road regulations
B. rising deaths caused by distracted walking
C. the dangers of jaywalking on busy streets
D. distracted walking involving smartphones
37. The states introducing bills that target pedestrians ____________.
A. have benefited from the bills
B. find it hard to carry them out
C. have been promoting the legislation
D. will have fewer deaths of pedestrians
38. According to the measure proposed by Lampitt, walking while texting would ____________.
A. become illegal
B. involve safety education
C. be blamed publicly
D. incur a fine of over $ 50
39. Lampitt reasons that distracted pedestrian are as dangerous as ____________.
A. motorists
B. speeding drivers
C. jaywalkers
D. drunk drivers
40. Which of the following would the author the passage most probably agree with?
A. Males are more vulnerable to distracted-walking injuries.
B. Police officers are unhappy with the proposed law.
C. Safety education is more important than penalty.
D. Rising distracted-walking incidents call for real attention.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
The saying “Clothes Make the Man” dates back some 400 years and it refers to the fact that when people see a well-dressed person, they assume that person is a professional, capable, and (especially in the old days) rich. Therefore, you had to dress like how you wanted to be perceived, what you wanted to eventually achieve. Fast forward 400 years, lots of folks still think the same way. But does it really make a difference?
I happen to be one those who do not put faith in the old saying. I suppose I might be in the minority but I am a member of an elite club with the likes of Steve Jobs and Bill Gates in my camp.
Perception is not reality; perception is halfway to discovering reality. Perception is drawn from our own impressions, our own belief systems. Is it powerful and influential? Absolutely! Is it all that it seems? Less often than you think. How many times have you cast an initial judgment only to surprise yourself later and learn how you missed out on a great opportunity, person or idea?
Comment 1
In the present era, many associate the well-dressed with being the most successful. It took folks in the business world a long times to overlook the way Steve Jobs wore jeans on the public stage. I did not know Mr. Jobs, though I wish I had. I have heard it said that he invented the concept of “business casual.” In my mind that is as much a matter of self-confidence as it is a matter of taste in clothing.
Comment 2
You are wrong about Steve Jobs. He certainly did care about how he was perceived and his appearance was very much calculated to achieve his desired effect. From his early formal business clothing down to the aggressive casuals of his eventual black turtle neck and jeans uniform, his clothes and the impact they made were clearly foremost in his mind.
Comment 3
It reminds me of the story about the philosopher who goes to a formal dinner party in jeans. When asked if he felt out of place because of his clothes, he looked around and said he hadn't noticed.
41.Which of the following might the writer of the passage agree with?
A. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dress formally.
B. We should not judge a person by his clothing.
C. It is clothes that make the man.
D. The well-dressed are more likely to succeed.
42. According to the writer of the passage, perception ____________.
A. might prove wrong
B. is powerful and reliable
C. is half reality
D. might be worthless to us
43. The writer of Comment 1 seems to ____________.
A. dislike the way Steve Jobs dressed for business occasions
B. suggest that business people have no taste in clothing
C. believe that the well-dressed are the most successful
D. think that Steve Jobs’ casualness reflected his self-confidence
44. Speaking of Steve Jobs, the writer of Comment ____________.
A. points out that Steve Jobs was a very aggressive person
B. suggests that he and Steve Jobs used to be in the same club
C. holds the same view as the writer of the passage
D. thinks Steve Jobs^ casualness was carefully thought out
45.When he went to the dinner party in jeans (Comment 3), the philosopher ____________.
A. thought that people liked his clothes
B. was not aware of how his clothes looked
C. felt quite embarrassed
D. considered himself out of place
Part IV Cloze (10 points)
Directions:In this part,there is a passage with ten blanks.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Every day, they slowly accumulate. Plates covered in sauces and bread pieces. Bowls with a fine layer of who-knows-what. Forks, knives, and spoons all stuck with bits of this and that. At the end of a long day of work, cooking, cleaning, and, for many, negotiating with small children, a couple has to 46 the big question: Who is going to do the 47 ?
A recent report on family dynamics suggests that the answer to that question can have a significant impact 48 the health and long lasting of a relationship. The study examined a variety of different household tasks, 49_ shopping, laundry and housecleaning, and found that, for women in families, it's more important to 50 the responsibility of doing the dishes than any other task. Women who wash the vast majority of the dishes themselves report 51 relationship conflict and less relationship satisfaction than women with husbands 52 help. Women are happier about sharing dish washing 53 than they are about sharing any other household task.
What is it about dishes? Dan Carlson, assistant professor of family and consumer studies at the University of Utah, and the lead author of the study, offers his own observations: "Doing dishes is gross. 54 , unlike some other household tasks such as cooking or gardening, doing dishes well does not 55 praises."
46.A.make B.ask C.face D.deal
47.A.cooking B. laundry C.homework D. dishes
48. A.on B. for C.to D.at
49. A.requiring B. including C.undertaking D.organizing
50. A.exchange B. shoulder C.take D.share
51. A.less B. fewer C.further D.more
52. A.which B. who C.what D.whom
53. A.duties B. problems C.questions D.troubles
54. A.Seemingly B. However C.Besides D.Finally
55. A.demand B. generate C.mention D.provide
Part V Text Completion (20 minutes, 20 points)
Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Ranging from 56 to 75). Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Note you should blacken the letters that indicate your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Text One
A. optimistic about B. a need C. a third
Phrases:
A. they felt (56) ___________for
B. most were (57) ___________the future for women
C. less than (58) ___________of them
In a recent survey, 55% of 3,000 Japanese women polled said they weren’t being treated equally with men at work, and (59) ___________said they expected women’s lives to improve over the next two decades. Yet, only 26% of the women said (60) ___________a strong and organized women’s movement. In a similar survey of American women, a much smaller 29% believed they were treated unfairly at work, (61) ___________, and 37% said a women’s movement was needed.
Text Two
A. the smaller
B. as much as
C. up to a year
D. more likely
Phrases:
A. 20% 62 to feel happy
B. 63 the physical distance between friends
C. but not 64 happiness
D. lasted for 65
The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves. And 66 , the larger the effect they had on each other's happiness. For example, a person was 67 if a friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy. Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual’s chance of being happy by 34%. The effects of friends' happiness 68 . The researcher found that happiness really is contagious (传染的).Sadness also spread among friends, 69 .
Text Three
A. petition
B. started
C require
A launched an online 70
A. 71 female workers to wear high heels
C. 72 a movement to end the requirement
Women across Japan are fed up with having to wear high-heeled shoes to work. One woman is so fed up that she 73 for female employees to wear the shoes. The movement has the #KuToo#. This is a combination of the Japanese words "kutsu" (which means shoe) and "kutsuu" (which is the Japanese word for pain). The movement was started by Japanese actress Yumi Ishikawa. She tweeted about her belief that employers in Japan should not 74 .Ms Ishikawa also 75 . It asks Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare to forbid employers from requiring women to wear certain types of shoes.
Part VI Translation(10 points)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What's sad is that even if it's the latter we often accept it anyway because we are so accustomed to the way things are that we don 't even recognize that they could be different.
Here are some techniques that could help broaden the way you think. First, look as if you've never seen."Beginner's mind"allows you to remain open to new experiences despite any expertise you may have. Then, shift into positivity. Take a few moments to think about the things in your life that are going well. This will brighten your mood and free your brain.
Part VIl Writing(15points)
Directions: Write an essay in no less than 150 words on the topic: Ways to Live a Simpler Life in a Modern World. You could write according to the clues given below Write your essay on the Answer Sheet.
Part I Oral Communication
Section A (2017)
1. 【答案】 A
快速扫描第一句，得知此回话与开会有关：Alice说：“我们计划明天开个会，你能参加吗?”空白要填入的是Kevin的回答。这里考生应该注意到两点：第一，留意空白下面的内容，是关于会议的时间;第二，针对上文的问题，要回答的是Kevin本人是否能出席会议。考虑到这两点然后浏览选项，A项询问的是会议时间，与下文的回答“我们计划10点开”吻合;B项应该排除，因为上文问的是you是否能参会，与B项中的Alan无关;C项若填入空白也是答非所问。所以只有选项A与上下文意思连贯一致，是正确答案。
2. 【答案】 C
空白上文说到“Frank准备就提高最低(销售)要求提些建议”，Kevin要谈论的一定得与此有关，意思上才连贯。若选择B项Is Alan attending?显然与上文无法衔接，所以推断答案应为C项That’ll be interesting。其中代词That承上文，回指Alice所提到的suggestions内容。再看紧接下来的一句He’s got keen insights，这里的He指上文提到的Frank，因为Frank “看问题很有见地”，所以Kevin认为他提出的建议会很interesting。上下文逻辑通顺一致，确认C为正确选项。
3. 【答案】 B
此题相对比较简单，一是前两个答案已经确定的前提下，最后一个选项无疑是本题的答案，二是空白下文是No，而B项正好是一般疑问句，填入空白符合问答对应的原则。三是空白下文提到he’s flying to San Francisco and won’t be able to make it，其中的he回指代B项中的Alan，won’t be able to make it回答了attending的问题。可见句式问答对应，内容前后一致，所以选项B为正确答案。
【参考译文】
Alice: 我们打算明天开个会，你能参加吗?
Kevin: (A)什么时候开?
Alice: 计划是10点，你行吗?
Kevin: 可以。
Alice: 我们打算讨论一下上个季度的销售情况。
Kevin: 好，我也说说我的想法。
Alice: Frank准备就改进最低要求提些建议。
Kevin: (C)那太好啦!他还是有些比较好的想法的。
Alice: 是的，他想就新的销售策略提些规划性设想。
Kevin: (B)Alan也能来参会吧?
Alice: 他来不了，他要去San Francisco。
Kevin: 噢，也许他会打电话的。
Dialogue Two (2017)
4. 【答案】 C
此题是三个题中最容易的，因为是Ann说的话，而Ann对住房不满意，所以Ann给Roger打电话和他谈这个事：Well, that’s what I’m calling about。接下来是要填入的内容一定是Ann对住处的想法，由此推断C项I’ve decided to look for a new place应该填入此题。再根据空白下文提到的what’s the problem with your place now“现在这个地方怎么不好啊?”确认C项为答案无误。
5. 【答案】 B
本题紧接第4题，Ann说她决定换一个住处，Roger询问其原因: “噢?怎么了，出了什么问题?”，因为他不知道Ann对新房子的感觉，所以感到不解，接下来便应该填入B项I thought you liked the apartment“我以为你挺喜欢这个房子的呢”才顺理成章。另外，空白下文的I do是指的是I like，与选项B中的like呼应一致，所以无论从词汇照应还是从语境一致角度，B都是此题的正确答案。
6. 【答案】 A
虽然最后一个选项非此题莫属，我们也要交叉确认一下答案，确保都无误。A选项“I’ll drop by there on my way to class today”中关键是抓住there一词，回看前一句Well, I know there’s an apartment complex around the corner，显然“校园一角的公寓楼群”便是选项中提到的there所指，因为Roger“know more about the housing situation near the school”，Roger知道那里seems to have a few vacancies，所以Roger 说I’ll drop by there on my way to class today“今天我去上课时顺便过去看看”。由此，根据上下文语境内容确认A项是此题的答案。
【参考译文】
Roger: 你好!
Ann: 你好!是Roger吗?我是Ann。
Roger: 你好Ann!近来好吗?对新房子感觉怎么样啊?
Ann: 哦，我打电话就是要和你说这事呢!(C)我已决定再换个地方。
Roger: 噢?怎么了，出了什么问题?(B)我以为你挺喜欢这个房子的呢!
Ann: 我是喜欢，可是离学校有点远，天天来回跑太麻烦了。你有什么建议吗?我觉得你可能对学校附近的房子行情比较了解。
Roger: 嗯，我知道在校园一角的公寓楼群好像还有几套空房。(A)今天我去上课时顺便过去看看。
Ann: 那太好了，多谢!
Roger: 不客气!
Section B (2016)
7.【答案】 C
解析：根据对话第三行采访者的话“成为首位亿万富翁作家会影响你对自己的看法”可知，四个选择中只有C 选项提到 the first billionaire author，故本题选 C。
8.【答案】 D
解析：根据这位作家(J.K.Rowling)对自己之前窘迫生活状况的描述，这里 D 选项合适，与金钱有关，但不单单只是金钱。故本题选 D。
9.【答案】 B
解析：根据第 9 题空格前的“除了没有无家可归之外一贫如洗”和空格后的 never，可知这里应该是一个转折，选项中只有B“但是现在我再也不用担心了”相符，故本题选 B。
10.【答案】 A
解析：根据采访者最后一个问题“你还会继续写作吗?” 可知这里是回答是否会继续写作以及原因，并且第10题空格前出现“I can’t,…”，选项中A与问句相符，故本题选 A。
【参考译文】
采访者：你已经出版了六本畅销书，是我们这里的首位亿万富翁作家。
被采访者：嗯。
采访者： 那么成为首位亿万富翁作家会影响你对自己的看法吗?
被采访者：穿的更体面了，可以买的起更好的衣服。我认为金钱给我带来的不只是经济状况的改善，而是安全感。我曾是个单亲妈妈，曾有一时，我们生活非常拮据，只能勉强糊口，就差没有沦落街头了。但是现在我再也不用为此而发愁了。
采访者： 现在这些让你认为自己会一直富有吗?
被采访者：没有。
采访者：你还会继续写作吗?
被采访者：肯定会，我简直不能停。当然了，你可以把我的双手捆绑住，但是我必须得继续创作。为了我的心理健康也得写。
Part II Vocabulary (2017-2016)
11. (D) disappear—wear off 磨损，逐渐消失
A. remain 留下;仍然是 B. dry 使干燥，晒干
C. work 工作;起作用 D. disappear 磨损，逐渐消失
参考译文：虽然这种特殊研制的皮肤涂料2-4天后会逐渐消失，但是若用酒精可以立刻涂掉。
12. (B) put up with—tolerate 容忍，忍受 (2003,选项答案相反)
A. catch up with 追上，赶上 B. put up with 容忍，忍受 (2007)
C. come up with 提出， D. live up to 无愧于，不辜负
参考译文：她对他不断的抱怨已经感到厌烦，不想再忍受了。
13. (A)with regard to--- in terms of 关于
A. with regard to 关于 B. in contrast to 与……相对比/相对照
C. in addition to 另外，除…之外 D. as opposed to 与⋯⋯相对
参考译文：各方的支持者们就他们的论点进行了合理的陈述。
14. (C) fraud--- deception 欺骗
A.delay 推迟，耽搁，延误 B. damage 损害，毁坏
C.fraud 欺骗，欺诈行为，骗子 D. shock 冲击，震动，震惊，电击
参考译文：这种广而为知的欺骗怎么可能就在我们的眼皮底下发生?
15. (B) intentional---deliberate 故意的
A. obvious 明显的 B. intentional 故意的
C. surprising 令人吃惊的 D. foolish 愚笨的，愚蠢的
参考译文：目前还不清楚出事银行删除数据是偶然的还是有意的。
16. 【答案】 D
解析：句中词prospect 前景，展望。
A. background 背景 B. exploration 探索
C. survey 调查 D. outlook 前景
【译文】该期刊刊登了一系列文章，回顾了“遗传医学”新时代的前景。
17. 【答案】 C
解析：句中词 burned out 精疲力竭的。
A. distressed 痛苦的，忧虑的 B. anxious 焦虑的
C. exhausted 疲惫的 D. upset 难过的
【译文】如果你不慢下来歇口气，你很快会精疲力尽。
18. 【答案】 D
解析：句中词merging 合并，结合。
A. cooperation 合作，协作 B. meeting 会见，接触
C. agreement 同意 D. combination 结合划
【译文】随着我们与史密斯兄弟公司的合并，从现在起，新公司将变成史密斯·墨菲股份有限公司。
19 【答案】 B
解析：句中词 eligible 符合条件的。
A. required 必须的 B. qualified 有资格的
C. selected挑选出来的 D. elected 选举的
【译文】只有土生土长的公民才有资格竞选美国总统。
20. 【答案】 C
解析：句中词 barely几乎不。
A. simply 简单地，仅仅 B. quickly 迅速地
C. hardly几乎不 D. strongly 强有力地
【译文】气温 38 度，空调难以使屋子冷却下来。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
Passage One (2017)
21. 【答案】 A
【考点】 细节推断
【分析】问题问帝奇亚诺·坦尚尼独自一人花了一个月的时间做什么。利用查阅式阅读可以在文章第一段中找到相关信息，即帝奇亚诺·坦尚尼自己躲进了日本茨城县的一间小木屋，花了一个月的时间，与狗作伴，与书为伴，消磨时光，观察着大自然，听着林中的风，看着蝴蝶，享受着安静。第一段首尾句是对帝奇亚诺·坦尚尼一个月里所作所为的概括和总结：“我终于有时间空闲下来了。”在适当的环境下，选择独处可以是一种巨大的心理祝福。而第二段的第一句话也指出了坦尚尼所作所为的原因和目的：对独处的接纳是相当不寻常的。因此，本题的正确答案应选A，接纳独处。
【误项排除】选择项B：研究蝴蝶;C：写书;D：照看狗;这三个答案只是具体细节和实例，不是所作所为的目的和原因，因此均为干扰项。
22. 【答案】 D
【考点】 词汇含义
【分析】问题问在第二段中的单词“solitude”可能的意思是什么。如果考生认识该词汇，知道其词义为：“孤独，隐居，独处”，可以直接选择正确答案D，独自一人住，独处。如果不认识这个词汇，而了解英语词根sol--，soli—的意思是alone，也可以找出正确答案D，staying alone。含有这个词根表示独自、一个的例词还有：sole“唯一的，专用的”，solely“单独地，仅仅”，solitary“孤独的，唯一的;独居者”，solo“独唱，独奏”，soliloquy“独白，独自一人说的话”，solid“一致的，固体的，坚实的，结合成为一体的”等。另外，还可以利用上下文内容猜出本词的含义。利用查阅式阅读，我们可以在第二段中第一、二句话里找到相关信息：坦尚尼对独处的接纳是相当不寻常的：人类长期以来一直认为孤独是一种不便，是应避免的东西，是一种惩罚，是孤独者的一种境界。根据isolation、loner、后文中的loneliness这些词汇，我们可以推断solitude与这些词汇的意思比较相近，均为孤独、独处、一个人做事，因此，本题的正确答案是D。
【误项排除】选择项A：变得焦虑;B：觉得空虚;C：感到无助;这三个答案的词义与原文中的solitude的语义都不相符，均为干扰项。
23. 【答案】 D
【考点】 细节推断
【分析】问题问文章中引用弗洛伊德和卡乔波的观点是为了证明什么。我们可以在第二段中找到相关信息：将孤独与焦虑联系在一起的弗洛伊德指出：“在儿童中，与情境有关的首要恐惧是对黑暗和孤独的恐惧。”约翰·卡乔波是一位现代社会神经系统科学家，他广泛地研究了孤独——他称之为“慢性感知隔离”——他认为，除了破坏我们的思维能力之外，孤独甚至会损害我们的身体健康。引用这两个人的观点都是为了证明其前面的观点句：科学经常将其与消极后果联系在一起。即孤独与消极后果有关系。所以，本题的正确答案是D，长期以来，孤独与消极的结果联系在一起。
【误项排除】选择项A：儿童常常害怕黑暗和孤独;这是弗洛伊德的观点，不是观点所证明的结论;B：选择追求孤独可能是一种心理治疗;不是弗洛伊德和卡乔波的观点;C：长期的孤立会损害人际关系;不是弗洛伊德和卡乔波的观点;这三个答案都是干扰项。
24. 【答案】 D
【考点】 细节推断
【分析】问题问按照杰克·方的观点，个人危机感可能是受什么的影响。利用查阅式阅读，我们可以在第三段中找到以下信息：加州理工大学研究孤独的社会学家杰克·方解释说: “当人们经历危机时，并不总是你的问题: 而是有关你在社会中怎样的问题。” 而第四段第一句是对此句的解释和补充：换言之，当人们从其生活的社会环境中脱离出来时，他们就能更好地看到他们是如何被这种环境所塑造的。由此我们可以推断出杰克·方的观点是社会环境会影响人的危机感。所以，本题的正确答案是D，社会环境。
【误项排除】选择项A：孤僻的生活方式;B：精神病，心理失常;C：自尊心低，自卑;这三个答案均不是杰克·方所陈述的内容，所以都是干扰项。
25. 【答案】 C
【考点】 文章主题
【分析】问题问文章的主要观点是什么。利用浏览式阅读通读文章全文的重点词句，我们可以看出文章一开始就指出了主题：在适当的环境下，选择独处可以是一种巨大的心理祝福。接着详细讲述了不同的人对独处经历的感受，同时介绍了几位科学家对孤独或独处的利与弊的分析，最后指出独处可以是一种心理疗法，可以让人认真审视自己的内心感受。因此，本题的正确答案是C，选择独处可以是一件幸事。
【误项排除】选择项A：应该不惜一切代价避免孤独;不符合文章主要内容，因此本答案错误。B：日常生活的焦虑可能导致个人危机;不是本文所要介绍的主题，为干扰项。D：寻求支持对解决个人危机毫无用处;原文未提到，此答案为干扰项。
【全文翻译】
在适当的环境下，选择独处可以是一种巨大的心理祝福。上世纪80年代，意大利记者兼作家帝奇亚诺·坦尚尼在亚洲各地做了多年报道后，自己躲进了日本茨城县的一间小木屋里。“一个月的时间里，除了和我的狗保莉说话，没人可以交流。”他在《算命先生告诉我》一书中写道。坦尚尼与书为伴，消磨时光，观察着大自然，“听着林中的风，看着蝴蝶，享受着安静。”在很长一段时间里，他第一次觉得摆脱了日常生活中无休止的焦虑：“我终于有时间空闲下来了。”
坦尚尼对独处的接纳是相当不寻常的：人类长期以来一直认为孤独是一种不便，是应避免的东西，是一种惩罚，是孤独者的一种境界。科学经常将其与消极后果联系在一起。将孤独与焦虑联系在一起的弗洛伊德指出：“在儿童中，与情境有关的首要恐惧是对黑暗和孤独的恐惧。”约翰·卡乔波是一位现代社会神经系统科学家，他广泛地研究了孤独——他称之为“慢性感知隔离”——他认为，除了破坏我们的思维能力之外，孤独甚至会损害我们的身体健康。但是科学家们正在越来越将孤独视为某种可以最终成为一种心理治疗的东西，如果人们选择独处的话。
这在一定程度的性格障碍时期尤其如此，那时人们经常会本能地去寻求外界的支持。加州理工大学研究孤独的社会学家杰克·方解释说: “当人们经历危机时，并不总是你的问题: 而是有关你在社会中怎样的问题。”
换言之，当人们从其生活的社会环境中脱离出来时，他们就能更好地看到他们是如何被这种环境所塑造的。僧侣作家托马斯·默顿独自度过了数年的时间，他也有类似的想法。他在《独处中的沉思》中写道: “我们不能正确地观察事物直到我们不再将其抱在怀中。人们可以去散步或听音乐，体会自己内心深处的个人感触。”
Passage Two (2017)
26. 【答案】 C
【考点】 细节推断
【分析】问题问按照安妮·波茨的观点，母鸡选择稍后更好的奖励表明它们具有什么能力。我们可以在文章第二段找到相关内容：正如坎特伯雷大学的安妮·波茨所指出的那样，即使分离了几个月，小鸡也可以在100只小鸡中分辨并认出熟悉的面孔来。让鸡解决问题时，它们会推理：那些接受过选择彩色按钮训练的母鸡有时会选择放弃即刻 (较小)的食物奖励，而选择稍微晚一点(更好)的奖励。由此我们可以判断出安妮·波茨认为母鸡具有推理能力。所以，本题的正确答案是C，逻辑推理。
【误项排除】选择项A：社会互动;B：面部识别;D：互相学习;这三个答案与母鸡对奖励做出先后选择没有关系，均为干扰项。
27. 【答案】 A
【考点】 词语含义
【分析】问题问第三段的
词组not-inconsiderable feat表明猪能做的事情是怎样的。根据双重否定相当于肯定的规律，not-inconsiderable的意思是considerable的意思，即：相当大的;相当多的;可观的;重大的，重要的;值得考虑的，值得注意的;显著的。由此我们可以选出正确答案应为A，超常的，非凡的，异乎寻常的，显著的。
【误项排除】选择项B：怪异的，不可思议的，超自然的;C：独特的，独一无二的;D：可以理解的，可以了解的，无可厚非的;这三个答案都不符合原文内容，均为干扰项。
28. 【答案】 C
【考点】 段落大意
【分析】问题问第四段主要讲了什么。文章第四段指出：很快，我认识到和我们的近亲一样, 鲸目动物也是文化学习的大师，而大象会与其社会同伴一起表达深深的喜悦和悲哀。对这些哺乳动物的长期野外研究有助于我们社会的观念转变：公众不再那么容易接受强迫猴子在实验室里经受痛苦的过程、大象被迫在马戏团里的表演和海豚被关在主题公园里的小贮水池里的境遇了。根据这些信息，我们可以总结归纳出本段主要是介绍通过对哺乳动物的研究和了解，人类会转变社会观念，公众不再接受各种强迫动物的事情了。因此，本题的正确答案是C，公众对待哺乳动物的态度的转变。
【误项排除】选择项A：人类和哺乳动物之间的相似处;B：长期研究哺乳动物的必要性;D：哺乳动物如何思考和感觉的新发现;这几个答案都不是本段的主要内容，均为干扰项。
29. 【答案】 D
【考点】 观点推断
【分析】问题问作者关于吃“食物动物”的观点是什么。利用查阅式阅读，我们可以在第五段中找到相关信息：然而，随着时间的推移，随着我开始进一步扩大并探讨鱼、鸡、猪、山羊和牛的内心生活，我开始怀疑：“食物动物”这门新科学是否会给我们的饮食带来一场道德革命?换句话说，我们的道德的广度是否会开始赶上我们的科学的广度? 而最后一段指出：当然，动物维权人士已经在那里承诺不吃这些动物。但是我们其他人呢?关注这些动物的思想和感觉会导致我们改变我们的饮食吗? 由此，我们可以推断出作者对吃“食物动物”的观点是否定的，认为这么做会违背道德，人们应该改变饮食，不吃这些动物。所以，本题的正确答案应该是D，他呼吁改变我们的饮食。
【误项排除】选择项A：他后悔以前吃过这些东西;原文没有提及。B：他认为吃这些“食物动物”是合理的;与原文内容不符。C：他不关心这个问题;与原文作者的观点明显相反。所以这三个答案均为干扰项。
30. 【答案】 C
【考点】 最佳标题
【分析】文章的最佳标题是什么。通读全文，我们可以看出文章首先指出科学终于开始接纳那些长期以来被认为是二等公民的动物。接着作者通过两个大学的科研人员对鸡和猪的观察研究详细介绍了鸡和猪都有识别、判断、决定和推理的能力。最后作者提出鲸目动物和哺乳动物也有类似的思想和感觉，由此引出令人深思的问题：“食物动物”这门新科学是否会给我们的饮食带来一场道德革命? 关注这些动物的思想和感觉会导致我们改变我们的饮食吗? 由此我们可以看出文章主要围绕动物也会思考、也有感觉、有识别判断和推理的能力来展开的。所以，本题的正确答案是C，食物动物的内心世界。
【误项排除】选择项A：对食物动物的赞美，文中没有提到;B：科学报告中的食物动物，不符合原文内容;D：食物动物：过去、现在和未来，与原文主要内容不符;因此，这三个答案均是干扰项。
【全文翻译】
科学终于开始接纳那些长期以来被认为是二等公民的动物。
正如坎特伯雷大学的安妮·波茨所指出的那样，即使分离了几个月，小鸡也可以在100只小鸡中分辨并认出熟悉的面孔来。让鸡解决问题时，它们会推理：那些接受过选择彩色按钮训练的母鸡有时会选择放弃即刻 (较小)的食物奖励，而选择稍微晚一点(更好)的奖励。健康的母鸡可能帮助朋友，而且当那些朋友死掉时，这些健康的母鸡还会哀悼它们。
猪对人类的符号可以做出有意义的反应。宾夕法尼亚州立大学坎迪斯·克劳内领导的一个研究小组带着有X和O符号的木块围绕在猪的周围，只有携带O符号的研究者给动物们提供食物。猪很快就忽略了带X符号的人，转而围着携带O符号的人转。然后，研究小组将现实生活中的物品换成印有X或O符号的T恤衫。尽管如此，这些猪只向T恤上有O符号的人试探：它们已经把自己的知识转换成二维的形式，这是一种相当可观的推理能力。
很快，我认识到和我们的近亲一样, 鲸目动物也是文化学习的大师，而大象会与其社会同伴一起表达深深的喜悦和悲哀。对这些哺乳动物的长期野外研究有助于我们社会的观念转变：公众不再那么容易接受强迫猴子在实验室里经受痛苦的过程、大象被迫在马戏团里表演、而海豚被关在主题公园里的小贮水池的境遇了。
然而，随着时间的推移，随着我开始进一步扩大并探讨鱼、鸡、猪、山羊和牛的内心生活，我开始怀疑：“食物动物”这门新科学是否会给我们的饮食带来一场道德革命?换句话说，我们的道德的广度是否会开始赶上我们的科学的广度?
当然，动物维权人士已经在那里承诺不吃这些动物。但是我们其他人呢?关注这些动物的思想和感觉会导致我们改变我们的饮食吗?
Passage Three (2016)
【文章介绍】
本文主要描述了作者在 La Réunion 南边一个漂亮的有机农场参加WWOOFing的一次愉快并且收益颇丰的经历。
31. 【答案】A
【考点】细节推断。
【解析】 在有机农场做义工能让志愿者怎么样?
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第一段第二句，With WWOOFing, volunteers exchange their time and work for food and accommodation. 在这个活动中，自愿者通过交换时间劳动换取食物和住宿。因此选A项“通过劳动换取食物和住宿”。
【误项排除】B 项“免费环游 La Réunion”，C.项 “找出各种鸟类之间的差异”，D项 “与野生动物亲密接触”，这三项不符合题意。
32. 【答案】B
【考点】细节推断。
【解析】本题问着是作者对La Réunion有机农场的感受是什么。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第二段：这也正是我喜爱WWOOFing 的原因。在有机农场做义工也是一种很好的旅行方式。且根据在第三段最后两句所述，我对能参与树木周期最开始的部分满怀感激。这么小的幼苗能长成粗壮的大树，我内心不由得生出敬畏之情。并结合第四段第一句，我们也做了大量的除草工作，这让我认识了各种不同的植物，并能辨别哪些可以用来制作草药，哪些可以做沙拉，哪些不能吃。综合以上，故选B项“值得的，受益匪浅的”。
【误项排除】A 项“糟糕的，极坏的”，C项 “舒服的，安逸的”，D项 “困难的，艰辛的”，这三项不符合题意。
33. 【答案】D
【考点】细节推断
【解析】 作者在有机农场没有做哪件事。
我们可以在第三段和第四段中找到作者种植棕榈树、除草和采收菠萝和番石榴果实的内容。作者没有提及采摘蔬菜，因此，本文的正确答案为D“采摘蔬菜”。
【误项排除】A项“除杂草”，B 项 “种植棕榈树”，C 项 “收获水果” ，这三项不符合题意。
34. 【答案】D
【考点】细节推断
【解析】 WWOOFing 透射出的哲学意义是什么。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第五段第四句，一个公平的交换可以使这个世界大不同，因此选D项“倡导公平交换”。
【误项排除】A项“改善当地环境”，B 项 “改善当地人的生活”，C 项 “使不同的社区团结在一起” ，这三项不符合题意。
35. 【答案】C
【考点】文章主旨
【解析】本题问的文章大义。
本文主要描述了作者在 La Réunion 南边一个漂亮的有机农场参加WWOOFing的一次愉快的经历。因此选C项“有机农场做义工的愉悦经历”。
【误项排除】A项“WWOOFing的发展”，B项“一个WWOOFing当地社区”，D项“WWOOFing体系”，这三项不符合题意。
【参考译文】
去年，我参加了在 La Réunion 南边一个漂亮的有机农场的WWOOFing(自愿参加有机农场劳动的活动)。在这个活动中，自愿者通过交换时间和劳动来换取食物和住宿。我睡在林中小屋，附近有刺猬在灌木丛中挖洞，各种鲜艳颜色的小鸟在早晨歌唱，还有成排看不见尽头的棕榈树遮阴挡阳。
我认为要了解一个陌生的地方，最好的方式是在这片土地上劳作，和当地人同吃住同住。这也正是我喜爱WWOOFing的原因。在有机农场做义工也是一种很好的旅行方式。这是个互惠的活动，每个人都把人和环境放在首位，并且你有时间和空间去深入了解当地社区和自然。
参加这个活动，我们需要学习的有很多，因为每个农场的环境，气候和土壤不同，所以做事方式也不尽相同。在La Réunion有机农场，我们种植了棕榈树。这种棕榈树长大后，便可以收获棕榈心，棕榈心营养价值极高，可以制成美味沙拉。在此之前，我只吃过棕榈心罐头制品，但那味道和新鲜棕榈心的味道相差甚远。当我栽培棕榈幼苗时，我对能参与树木周期最开始的部分满怀感激。这么小的幼苗能长成粗壮的大树，我内心不由得生出敬畏之情。
我们也做了大量的除草工作,这让我认识了各种不同的植物，并能辨别哪些可以用来制作草药，哪些可以做沙拉，哪些不能吃。我还收获了菠萝，番石榴，这些水果可以制成在当地市场出售的果酱。
当然了，并不是每个人都能够去很远的农田里。WWOOFing 折射出的技能分享哲学的伟大之处在于这些东西我们都可以从自己的后院制作出来。重点从金钱转移到如何最好的在我们的社区中互相支持。一个公平的交换可以使这个世界大不同。
Passage Four (2016)
【文章介绍】
随着人们对电子产品如智能手机越来越依赖，走路分神造成死亡的人数不断增加，这已成为一个日益严重的社会问题。本文介绍了行人走路玩手机的危害并探讨了解决这一问题应采取的措施。
36. 【答案】B
【考点】文章主旨
【解析】本题问的这篇文章主要关注的是什么问题。
据本文所述，随着人们对电子产品如智能手机越来越依赖，走路分神造成死亡的人数不断增加，这已成为一个日益严重的社会问题。因此选B项“走路分神造成死亡的人数在增加”。
【误项排除】A 项“贯彻实施道路规章的困难”，C项 “在繁忙大街上，乱穿马路的危害”，D项 “手机造成的走路分神”这三项不符合题意。
37. 【答案】C
【考点】细节推断
【解析】 针对行人走路分神，美国的一些州出台了法案，然后怎么样。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第二段，死亡数目的上升恰逢美国几个州出台针对步行者的法案。像夏威夷州，阿肯色州，伊利诺斯州，内华达洲和纽约市每年不断出台相关法律法规。因此选C项“一直在推进立法”。
【误项排除】A项“得益于这些法案”，B项“发现很难实施”，D项“行人死亡数目下降”，这三项不符合题意。
38. 【答案】A
【考点】细节推断。
【解析】 根据兰皮特的提议，走路发短信应如何处罚。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第三段第二句，违反者处以上限50美金罚款或十五天监禁或两者并罚，因此选A项“是违法的行为”。
【误项排除】B 项“需接受安全教育”，C项 “应公开批评”，D项 “处以50美元以上罚金”这三项不符合题意。
39. 【答案】C
【考点】细节推断
【解析】 兰皮特认为行人走路分神和什么一样危险。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第四段最后一句，“边玩智能手机边过马路的行人和乱穿马路一样会对汽车驾驶员造成危险，理应处以同样的处罚。因此选C项“乱穿马路的人”。
【误项排除】A项“汽车驾驶员”，B项“超速驾驶的司机”，D项“酒驾司机”，这三项不符合题意。
40. 【答案】D
【考点】态度推断
【解析】 作者最赞成的观点是什么。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第四段前二句，有些人视提议为不必要的过度管制，有些人认为兰皮特分析的有道理，但更多的人同意需关注这个问题。因此选D项“行人走路分神引起的道路事故增加需得到人们重视”。
【误项排除】A项“走路分神受伤的多是男性群体”，B 项 “警察对新的立法不满意”，C 项 “安全教育比处罚更重要” ，这三项不符合题意。
【参考译文】
专家表示：随着各个年龄段的人们变得更加依赖电子设备来处理个人以及工作事务，走路分神成为一个日益严重的问题。他们还注意到，近些年，行人死亡的数目一直在增加，美国行人死亡人数占总死亡数目的比例由之前的11%升至2014年的15%。
死亡数目的上升恰逢美国几个州出台针对步行者的法案。像夏威夷州，阿肯色州，伊利诺斯州，内华达洲和纽约市每年不断出台相关法律法规。
最近，由新泽西州议会女议员帕梅拉·兰皮特提议一项措施是：禁止边走路边发短信;行人不允许在公路上使用电子通讯设备，双手不占用的情况例外。违反者处以上限50美金罚款或十五天监禁或两者并罚，这和乱穿马路的处罚规定是一样的。兰皮特表示：一半罚金将会用于安全教育，告诉人们边发信息边走路的危险。
有些人视提议为不必要的过度管制，有些人认为兰皮特分析的有道理，但更多的人同意需关注这个问题。“行人走路分神如同司机开车分神，一样会给他们自己和公路上别的司机带来潜在威胁”，兰皮特说，“边玩智能手机边过马路的行人和乱穿马路一样会对汽车驾驶员造成危险，理应处以同样的处罚。”
但这个措施存在的主要问题是能否被警察坚持贯彻实施。因为警察们通常比较忙，有更紧急的事情等待他们处理。一些人认为，关键应该加强走路分神危险性教育，而不是制定新的法规。可是兰皮特表示：为了阻止这种冒险行为，处罚性的措施是必要的。她说据国家安全局的一项报告表明，2000到2011十一年间，行人因玩手机走路分神受伤人数达到11101人。
研究发现受伤人群多是40岁或更年轻的女性。她们在遭到伤害时，大都在用手机通话，12%在发短信。80%的受伤事故是跌倒所致，9%是由于行人撞倒了静止物体。
Section B (2016)
【文章介绍】
俗话说“人靠衣装，佛靠金装”，说明穿着的重要性。穿戴的服饰会影响人们对你的评价。有人认为认为穿的好意味着成功，也有些人不这么认为。文章就此展开了讨论。
41. 【答案】B
【考点】作者态度
【解析】 作者赞成哪个观点。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第二段，我恰是不赞成该说法的一员。和史蒂夫·乔布斯，比尔盖茨一样，我喜欢着装随意。我想我这一类人员占少数，但我却是精英俱乐部成员。因此选B项“我们不应该靠穿着来评价一个人”。
【误项排除】A 项“乔布斯和比尔盖茨穿着很正式”，C项 “人确实得靠衣装”，D项 “穿着得体的人很可能成功”，这三项不符合题意。
42. 【答案】A
【考点】细节推断。
【解析】本题问的作者认为人们的观念看法怎样。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章第三段最后二句，但真的如此吗?其实并非都像看上去的一样。多少次你凭印象做出第一判断后，却吃惊的发现可惜的错过一次绝佳的机会，一个重要的人物或是一个奇妙的想法?因此选A项“可能证明是错的”。
【误项排除】B 项“是强大的，可信的”，C项 “是部分事实”，D项 “对我们是毫无价值的”这三项不符合题意。
43. 【答案】D
【考点】细节推断
【解析】本题问的评论1作者的观点。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章评论1最后一句，我认为这既是他穿衣品味的体现，也是自信的体现。因此选D项“认为斯蒂夫·乔布斯着装随意反应了他的自信”。
【误项排除】A项“不喜欢斯蒂夫·乔布斯在商务场合的着装”，B 项 “表示商务人士对服装的品味差”，C 项 “认为穿的好代表很成功” ，这三项不符合题意。
44. 【答案】D
【考点】细节推断
【解析】本题问的提到斯蒂夫·乔布斯，评论2作者的观点。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章评论2前二句，你们错怪了斯蒂夫·乔布斯。他当然很在意他在人们心中的形象，甚至是刻意要达到他想要的效果。且最后一句提到：显然，他是很重视自己的着装的影响的。因此选D项“认为乔布斯休闲着装是经过慎重考虑的”。
【误项排除】A项“指出斯蒂夫·乔布斯是个有进取心的人”，B 项 “指出他和乔布斯以前在同一个俱乐部”，C 项 “和博主观点相同” ，这三项不符合题意。
45. 【答案】B
【考点】细节推断
【解析】 评论3中，教授对自己穿牛仔裤来参加宴会的看法。
根据题干关键词，定位到文章评论3，当有人问他是否觉得自己穿的不合适，他环顾四周，说他没没注意。因此选B项“没意识到自己穿的是否得体”。
【误项排除】A 项“认为人们会喜欢他穿的衣服”，C项 “感觉很尴尬”，D项 “认为自己穿的不合时宜”，这三项不符合题意。
【参考译文】
早在四百多年前，就已经有了“人靠衣装，佛靠金装”这样的谚语，说的是，倘若一个人穿着考究，那么这个人肯定是个专业人士，有才华并且富有，这是过去人们普遍的观念。所以，你想别人怎么看待你，或者你想成为什么样的人，那就怎么穿戴。四百年过去了，很多人的观念仍然没有改变。但是穿着真的会影响人们对你的看法吗?
我恰是不赞成该说法的一员。和史蒂夫·乔布斯，比尔盖茨一样，我喜欢着装随意。我想我这一类人员占少数，但我却是精英俱乐部成员。
感知不是事实，它是通往发现事实道路的途中。我们对事物的看法源自于我们的印象和信念体系。观念是否很强大，是否影响很大?当然!但真的如此吗?其实并非都像看上去的一样。多少次你凭印象做出第一判断后，却吃惊的发现你可惜的错过一次绝佳的机会，一个重要的人物或是一个奇妙的想法?
评论1
当今，很多人把穿的好等同于成功。斯蒂夫·乔布斯在公众舞台上穿着牛仔裤，让商界人士津津乐道了很久。我不认识乔布斯先生，虽然我希望认识他。我听说，他开创了商务休闲装的概念，我认为这既是他穿衣品味的体现，也是自信的体现。
评论2
你们错怪了斯蒂夫·乔布斯。他当然很在意他在人们心中的形象，甚至是刻意要达到他想要的效果。早期时候，他穿着正式的商务装，后来改穿商务便装，如黑色高领衬衫和牛仔服，给人积极进取的印象。显然，他是很重视自己的着装的影响的。
评论3
这让我想起一个故事：一位哲学家穿着牛仔裤去参加一个正式的宴会，当有人问他是否觉得自己穿的不合适，他环顾四周，说他没注意。
Part IV Cloze (2018)
【文章介绍】本文主要讲述了各种家务中，洗碗的分担对女性及家庭关系的影响最大。
46.【答案】C
【考点】考查动词辨析
【解析】首段描述了桌子上的一片狼藉状况，可知夫妻要面临最大的问题就是洗刷。因此C项face面临，符合原文。
【误项排除】A项make使得，B项ask询问，D项deal处理，不符合原文。
47.【答案】D
【考点】考查名词辨析
【解析】结合上一题，可知此处指的是洗碗，所以D项dishes餐具，符合原文。
【误项排除】A项cooking烹饪， B项laundry洗衣， C项homework家务，不符合原文。
48.【答案】A
【考点】考查介词搭配
【解析】此处考查的是短语搭配：have an impact on sth，对……有影响。因此A项符合题意。
【误项排除】其它三项，不符合原文。
49.【答案】B
【考点】考查动词辨析
【解析】此句意为：该报告分析了许多不同的家务：______购物，洗衣和打扫，可见前后是包含关系，因此B项include包括符合原文。
【误项排除】A项require要求，C项undertake承担，D项organize组织，管理，不符合原文。
50.【答案】D
【考点】考查动词辨析
【解析】前文阐述了谁来洗碗对于健康和持久的家庭关系影响巨大。此句意为：对于家
庭中的女性来说，相比其它家务，女性更愿意______洗碗的任务。所以选D项share分享。
【误项排除】A项exchange交换，B项shoulder承担;C项take拿，采取，不符合原文。
51.【答案】D
【考点】考查比较级
【解析】此句意为：相比于丈夫帮忙洗碗的女性来说，独自承担洗碗的女性的家庭会有_____冲突，满意度也更低。可推知没人帮忙做家务的家庭冲突会更多，因此选D项more更多的。
【误项排除】A项less较少的;B项fewer更少的，C项further更远的，不符合原文。
52.【答案】B
【考点】考查定语从句
【解析】此处考查的是定语从句，先行词是人：husbands，且连接词在从句中做主语，因此选B项who。
【误项排除】A项which的先行词是物;C项what引导名词性从句;D项whom在句中做宾语，不符合原文。
53.【答案】A
【考点】考查名词辨析
【解析】此句意为：相比于分享其它家务，女性会更乐于共同分享洗碗的______。这里指的是洗碗的任务，所以选A项duty任务，职责。
【误项排除】B项problem问题，C项question疑问，D项trouble麻烦，此三项不符合原文。
54.【答案】C
【考点】考查副词辨析
【解析】此句意为：洗碗很糟糕，______不像其它的家务如烹饪或园艺，洗碗并不能_____称赞。可推知前后为递进关系，因此选C项besides此外，而且，符合原文。
【误项排除】A项seemingly似乎;B项however然而，D项finally最终，不符合原文。
55.【答案】B
【考点】考查动词辨析
【解析】根据上一题句意，可推知洗碗并不能得到称赞。因此选B项generate产生，符合原文。
【误项排除】A项demand要求; C项mention提及，D项provide提供，不符合原文。
【参考译文】
每天，它们不断地累积。盘子里满是调味汁和面包屑。碗里装着一层不明物体。叉子、刀子和勺子上都沾有这种和那种的食物。在结束一整天的工作后，做饭、打扫和商量带孩子，夫妻面临最大问题就是：谁来洗碗?
关于家庭动力学，最近的一份报告显示，谁来洗碗这个问题的答案，对健康和家庭关系的持久性有着很大的影响。该报告分析了许多不同的家务：包括购物，洗衣和家庭卫生，而且对于家庭中的女性来说，相比其它的家务，女性更愿意分享洗碗的任务。相比于丈夫帮忙洗碗的女性来说，独自承担洗碗的女性的家庭会有更多的冲突，满意度也更低。相比于分享其它家务，女性会更乐于共同分享洗碗的任务。
丹·卡森，研究家庭与消费者关系的犹他大学副教授， 同时也是该项研究的主作者，提出了自己的观点：洗碗很糟糕，而且不像其它的家务如烹饪或园艺，洗碗并不能得到称赞。
Part V Text Completion
Text One (2013)
【短文大意】本文是一篇关于女性对于生活和社会地位的调查。
56.【答案】B
【解析】空格处缺少felt的宾语成分，而能够做宾语的词性是名词，且根据空格后面的介词for，只有B项符合：need for sth.“需求……”。
57.【答案】A
【解析】空格前面是be动词，后面是一个名词性短语，只有A项符合。be optimistic about“对……感到乐观”是一个常用搭配，且后面需要一个名词性成份做介词about的宾语。
58.【答案】C
【解析】根据空格前的less than可以得知是数量的对比，C项a third“三分之一”符合句意，且数词后面经常接of 短语，如millions of books。
59.【答案】C
【解析】根据空格前面的and和后面的said，可以得知此处需要一个主语，C项是一个名词性短语可以做主语，在结构能与上一句: 55% of 3,000 Japanese women polled said……并列，且语意上顺承达意。
60.【答案】A
【解析】根据空格前面的said和后面的a strong and organized women’s movement可以推断此处缺少said的宾语，A项是一个主谓结构可以做宾语，且该项结尾的介词for需要一个名词性短语做宾语，因此选A。
61.【答案】B
【解析】根据空格前后的标点符号，可以得知此处应该是一个完整的句子，因此选B。
【参考译文】
在最近的一项调查中，调查的3000名日本女性中，有55%的表示在工作中没有享受到与男士同等的待遇。她们当中有不到1/3的人表示期待在接下来的20年里女性的生活可以得到改善。但是只有26%的女性认为需要一个强大且有组织的妇女活动。在针对美国女性类似的调查中，少于29%的女性认为在工作受到了不公平待遇，大部分人对女性的未来是持乐观态度的，也有37%的人认为有必要开展妇女活动。
Text Two (2015)
【短文大意】本文主要论述了快乐是可以传染的。
62.【答案】D
【解析】根据空格后的不定式结构，结合选项，只有 D 项 more likely:更可能，符合题意。
63.【答案】A
【解析】根据空格后的句意：朋友之间的自然距离，因此选 A 项 the smaller:更小，符合题意。
64.【答案】B
【解析】空格处是修饰 happiness 的定语成分，结合选项，只有 B 项 as much as:和…一样多， 符合题意。
65.【答案】C
【解析】结合句意，此处指的是持续的时间长达一年，因此选 C 项 up to a year:多达一年，符合题意。
66.【答案】B
【解析】根据空格后的句意：他们之间快乐情绪的影响就越大，结合句子结构(the more…, the more…)，可知 B 项“朋友之间的具体距离越短”符合题意。
67.【答案】A
【解析】空格处是 be 动词引导的表语成分，并结合句意，可知 A 项“有 20%的可能性感到快乐”符合题意。
68.【答案】D
【解析】空格处缺少动宾成分，结合选项和句意(朋友的快乐对你的影响)，只有 D 项“持续长达一年”符合题意。
69.【答案】C
【解析】根据前半句的所述，伤感也是可以传染的，且空格前是逗号，可知空格处是一个独立成分，结合选项，只有 C 项“但没有快乐的影响大”符合题意。
【参考译文】
新的研究发现：作为快乐人的朋友有更多的机会让自己快乐。而且朋友之间的具体距
离越短，他们之间快乐情绪的影响就越大。比如，你有一个朋友，居住在离你 1.5 公里内
的地方，如果这个朋友也是快乐的，那么你就有 20%的可能性感到快乐。如果居住在你隔
壁的邻居是一个快乐的人，这就有 34%的几率会让你感到快乐。朋友的快乐对你的影响能
持续长达一年。研究人员发现，快乐是真的可以传染的。伤感也是可以传染的，但没有快
乐的影响大。
Text three (2019)
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了日本女性雇员抗议穿高跟鞋上班。
70.【答案】A
【解析】很显然空格处缺少个名词成分，an online petition 表示一封网络请愿书。
71.【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配，require sb to do sth，含义是要求某人做某事，而start没有这一用法。因此C项符合题意。
72.【答案】B
【解析】started a movement，意思是发起一项运动。可知B项符合题意。
73.【答案】C
【解析】根据语义关联原则，空格所在句子后一句，我们看到了the movement，说明该词前文有出现，因此选C项。
74.【答案】B
【解析】根据前后语境，这位演员在推特上发表自己的看法，她认为雇主不应该怎么样。和她理念一致的自然是B项：反对雇主要求女性穿高跟鞋上班。
75.【答案】A
【解析】在发表完反对的言辞之后，该女士还采取了什么举措。根据前后文，可知A项，还发起了网上请愿书符合题意。
【参考译文】
日本各地的妇女都厌倦了必须穿高跟鞋上班。一位女士对此已厌倦至极，她发起了一场运动，目的在于结束对女员工穿高跟鞋的要求。这个运动叫做#KuToo。这是个混合词，由“kutsu”(日文中意思是鞋)和“kutsuu”(日文中意思是痛苦)组成。
该运动是由日本女演员YumiIshikawa开始的。她在Twitter上表达了她的信念，即日本的雇主不应该要求女性工作者穿高跟鞋上班。石川女士还发起了网上请愿书。它要求日本卫生、劳动和福利部门禁止雇主要求女性员工穿某些类型的鞋子。
Paper Two 试卷二 (2019)
Part VI Translation
人生中,一旦我们选择了一条路,无论会变好还是变坏,都想继续走下去。然而令人难过的是,即便是变得越来越坏,我们还是会让自己接受,因为我们特别习惯事情所呈现出来的样子,我们甚至不会意识到这些事情的与众不同。有一些技巧可以帮助人们拓展思路。首先,让自己看上去一无所知。无论你是否拥有专业知识,“初学者的心智”让你对于崭新经历保持迎接的状态。然后,让自己变得积极。拿出一点时间来思考一下让你的生活逐渐变好的事物。
Part VII Writing
一、写作主题与论说类型：
命题方式为提纲式作文，题目为“Ways to live a simpler life in modern world”，“现代社会里如何简化人生。”
二、段落结构拓展思路
文章可以写成三段。
第一段：导入话题。用1-2句话指出背景，随着经济科技的发展，生活水平提高，人们面临的物质上精神上的各种诱惑越来越多。
第二段：抓住simpler 这个关键词做文章。列举2-3个分论点。
1.降低物欲，断舍离，不乱买东西。
2.无用社交少一点，多珍视家庭，陪陪家人。
3.注意力专注在一些能够自我提升的地方，比如健身，学习等等，而不是各种花边新闻和广告。
第三段：每个人按照自己的节奏，珍惜时间和精力。过简单而幸福的不后悔的人生。
三. 具体表达：
第一段： It is this issue that has aroused much concern in the society.
第二段：The following factors, to my best knowledge, may help make life simpler. To begin with,…… Moreover, …… Last but not least,……列举要素以例证。
第三段：总结并展望。As for individual, we could try best to live simpler and at the same time look forward to a pleasing and harmonious society.
四. 参考范文 (2019)
Ways to live a simpler life in modern world
The past few decades has witnessed rapid economic and social development in China. Life pace is becoming increasingly fast and when the moment we wake up every morning, we are taught to earn more money, to know more people, to do this and that. Sometimes we do forget how to relax ourselves and refresh our mind to live simpler and more comfortable.
To my best knowledge, these factors may help make life simpler. On the one hand, there is no doubt that we are live in a money-oriented society and almost everybody looks up towards benefits he/she can get. But the money we earned usually spent in something we do not really need, like boy’s sport shoes or girl’s lipsticks. We bought many for vanity. It is time to learn how to cut those non-necessities off our life. On the other hand, compared with a variety of social activities, (have a dinner or play video games together after work, etc.) maybe we are supposed to look for something more worthy to treasure such as family, learning and personal achievement. We could cook for parents, take children to the park, or leave some time for ourselves to learn something new or something we are interested in. These are facile and efficient for us to clam down and ease the pressure.
From what has been discussed above, we may safely conclude that many factors contribute to a simple life. As for individual, therefore, we could try best to live simpler and at the same time look forward to a pleasing and harmonious society.
本试题为读研教育同等学力申硕学员模拟测试题，未经许可不得转载!
