英语每日一练

　　Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too. Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future.

　　The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8. But it is really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to “less confined decision making process” and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.’’ The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward –thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.

　　1. [A] why

　　[B] where

　　[C] how

　　[D] when

　　2. [A] In return

　　[B] In particular

　　[C] In contrast

　　[D] In conclusion

　　3. [A] sufficient

　　[B] famous

　　[C] perfect

　　[D] necessary

　　4. [A] individualism

　　[B] modernism

　　[C] optimism

　　[D] realism

　　5. [A] echo

　　[B] miss

　　[C] spoil

　　[D] change

　　6. [A] imagined

　　[B] measured

　　[C] invented

　　[D] assumed

　　7. [A] sure

　　[B] odd

　　[C] unfortunate

　　[D] often

　　8. [A] advertised

　　[B] divided

　　[C] overtaxed

　　[D] headquartered

　　9. [A] explain

　　[B] overstate

　　[C] summarize

　　[D] emphasize

　　10. [A] stages

　　[B] factors

　　[C] levels

　　[D] methods

　　11. [A] desirable

　　[B] sociable

　　[C] reputable

　　[D] reliable

　　12. [A] resumed

　　[B] held

　　[C] emerged

　　[D] broke

　　13. [A] attribute

　　[B] assign

　　[C] transfer

　　[D] compare

　　14. [A] serious

　　[B] civilized

　　[C] ambitious

　　[D] experienced

　　15. [A] thus

　　[B] instead

　　[C] also

　　[D] never

　　16. [A] rapidly

　　[B] regularly

　　[C] directly

　　[D] equally

　　17. [A] After

　　[B] Until

　　[C] While

　　[D] Since

　　18. [A] arrives

　　[B] jumps

　　[C] hints

　　[D] strikes

　　19. [A] shape

　　[B] rediscover

　　[C] simplify

　　[D] share

　　20. [A] pray for

　　[B] lean towards

　　[C] give away

　　[D] send act

　　——————————

　　正确答案

　　1、[答案]C how

　　[解析]根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。四个选项的意思中，只有C。 how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。

　　2、[答案]B In particular

　　[解析]空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。空格所在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。很显然，前后句子是总分关系。选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。

　　3、[答案]D necessary

　　[解析]根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D。 necessary 做后置定语符合前后内容。其他选项与原文内容语义不符。

　　4、[答案]C optimism

　　[解析]空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。

　　5、[答案]D change

　　[解析]空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。选项中A。 echo 回声 B。 miss 思念 C。 spoil 溺爱 D。 change 改变，所以只有D选项可以和the way companies invested构成通顺语义。故D项正确。

　　6、[答案]B measured

　　[解析]原文：So they compared U.S。 cities’ average happiness_______ by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。 所以他们比较美国城市的平均幸福，这种幸福是根据盖洛普在上市公司的投资活动地区民意调查来________。 A imagined 想象，D assumed 假定与民意调查的客观性是不符的，故排除，C invented 发明，与文意不符，故选B measured，衡量，测量。

　　7、[答案]A sure

　　[解析]若要判断此空的答案，需要结合文章上下文来判断。这句话和本篇完型的第二段的首句的含义是相同的。第二段的首句：Companies located in places with happier people invest more，含义为：坐落在幸福人们多的地方的公司会加大研发投入力度。本段首句其实是对于这一中心的重复阐述，因此选A。

　　8、[答案]D headquartered

　　[解析]原文：firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were _________。公司的投资与研发强度与公司所_______的地区的幸福度相关。依据第7题的答案，我们可以推断，这句话所填写的单词和located应该是近义， A advertised 广告; B divided 分割; C overtaxed 负担过重;均与本文含义不符，故选D，headquartered设立总部。

　　9、[答案]A explain

　　[解析]原文：…could something else about happier cities ______ why firms there spend more on R&D? 此句也是对于本文中心的再次论证。还有其他的什么可以__________公司在幸福的城市加入研发投入力度吗? 这句话之后就是具体的原因陈述。B overstate 夸张; C summarize总结;D emphasize 强调;均不符合文意，所以以上三项皆排除。故选A express 解释，阐释。

　　10、[答案]B factors

　　[解析]原文： To find out， the researchers controlled for various ________that might make firms more likely to invest — like size， industry， and sales ，为了找到答案，研究人员控制了各种各样的可能会让公司加大投资的_______——比如大小、行业和销量——，联系上下文，我们可以看出，这个空格其实就是下文size， industry， and sales的上义词，可以包含这三个名词的内容。A stages 阶段;C levels 水平，标准; D methods 方法;均不符合文意。故选B factors 原因，因素。

　　11、[答案]A desirable

　　[解析]该句意思为：研究者掌控了各种使公司更愿意投资的因素(比如规模、行业、销售)，也掌控了居住起来____的住处的征兆(比如工资或人数的增长)。此处需填入形容词，前后两句为并列关系，感情色彩应保持一致，所填词应和空前more likely to invest更可能投资，以及空后like举例的内容涨工资一致，也是好事，所以答案desirable可取的、令人满意的为正确选项。Sociable善于交际的，reputable有声望的，reliable可靠的虽为正向词汇，但均与上下文衔接不紧密，因此答案为desirable。

　　12、[答案]B held

　　[解析]即使说明这些问题，总体来讲，快乐与投资之间的关系____。Resume继续、重新开始，hold保持不变，维持，emerge出现，break破裂。前后为递进，说明这些问题后，二者关系应仍然保持不变，所以hold为正确答案。

　　13、[答案]A attribute

　　[解析]该句意思为：快乐与投资之间的相互关系对年轻的企业特别强烈，作者把这一点____于“缺少编纂的做决定过程”。此处考搭配，attribute…to把……归咎于，assign…to把……指派给，transfer…to把……传递给，compare…to把……相比较，其中attribute…to符合文意，作者把这一点归因于于“缺少编纂的做决定过程”。

　　14、[答案]D experienced

　　[解析]该题为并列平行关系考查，and前后情感色彩、所属范畴应保持一致，younger并列，应为less experienced缺少经验的，故为正确答案。Serious严肃的，civilized文明的，ambitious有野心的，与年龄无直接关系，故排除。

　　15、[答案]C also

　　[解析]该句话上一句为The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong，此句为The relationship was 15 stronger，显然，二者之间为并列关系，因此选择also也。Thus表结果，instead表转折，never从不，不符合此处逻辑。

　　16、[答案]D equally

　　[解析]此题考查副词。四个选项中，A选项rapidly意为“迅速地”， B选项regularly意为“常规地”，C选项意为directly“直接地”，D选项equally“平等地”。此处讨论的是公司投资与快乐之间的关系。空格后指出，相较于在快乐不平等的地方，或者幸福感有巨大鸿沟的地方，公司更愿意在大多数人都较为幸福的领域投资， D选项equally是对inequality的反义复现，因此，D选项是正确选项。

　　17、[答案]C While

　　[解析]此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文指出，公司愿意在幸福的领域里投资， 而空格后则提到“这并不能证明幸福引发了公司扩大投资或者采用较长远的眼光看问题”，显然，这二者之间是转折关系，正确选项为C选项While “然而”。A选项 After“在……之后” ， B选项Until “直到”，D选项Since“因为”或“自从”，都不符合文意。

　　18、[答案]C hints

　　[解析]空格所在句的前半句质疑了投资与幸福的关系，后半句的作者表现的态度是“believe”， 因此此处要填入一个表积极立场的词，且能与后面的at that possibility构成搭配， 表明“作者”的认可态度。A选项arrive“到达”，B选项jumps“跳跃”，D选项strikes“打击;罢工”，均不能与at that possibility搭配，C选项hints“暗示”符合语意，因此正确答案为C。

　　19、[答案]A shape

　　[解析]结合文意，此处是在正面论述“当地文化和氛围”对公司运营的影响，且二者之间的因果关系一直贯穿全文。四个选项中，A选项shape意为“形成，塑造” B选项rediscover“重新发现”， C选项simplify“简化”，D选项share“分享”， 其中只有A 选项最贴近语意，因此正确答案为A。

　　20、[答案]B lean towards

　　[解析]此处考察固定词组。 A选项pray for意为“为……祈祷”，B选项lean towards意为“向……倾斜”，C选项give away意为“泄露; 失去;赠送”，D选项send out意为“发送，发出”。空格所在句的前后语意为“快乐的人比普通人更加的具有正向思维，更有创造力，并且更加的_____研究和发展。”可知最符合文意的只能是选项B。